1. FLASK 

         A metal (or) wood frame, without fixed top (or) bottom, in which the mould is formed. Drag is the lower moulding flask and Cope is upper moulding flask.

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2. PATTERN

         It is replica of the final object to be made. The mould cavity is made with the help of pattern.

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3. PARTING LINE

         This is the dividing line between the two moulding flasks that makes up the mould.

 

4. MOULDING SAND

         Sand, which binds strongly without losing its permeability to air (or) gases.  It is the mixture of silica sand, clay, and moisture in appropriate proportions.

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5. FACING SAND

         The small amount of carbonaceous material sprinkled on the inner surface of the mould cavity to give a better surface finish to the castings.

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6. CORE

         A separate part of mould, made of sand and generally baked, which is used to create openings and various shaped cavities in the castings.

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7. POURING BASIN

         A small funnel shaped cavity at the top of the mould into which the molten metal is poured.

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8. SPRUE

         The passage through which the molten metal, from the pouring basin, reaches the mould cavity. In many cases it controls the flow of metal into the mould.

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9. RUNNER

         The channel through which the molted metal is carried from the sprue to the gate.

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10. GATE

         A channel through which the molten metal enters the mould cavity.

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11. CHAPLETS

         Chaplets are used to supports the cores inside the mould cavity to take care of its own weight and overcome the metallostatic force.

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12. RISER

         A column of molten metal placed in the mould to feed the castings as it shrinks and solidifies. 

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13. VENT

        Small opening in the mould to facilitate escape of air and gases.