PUMP
*It is a machine which converts mechanical energy into hydraulic energy to move liquid from one place to another place.
TYPES OF PUMPS
DYNAMIC PUMPS
*Rotodynamic pumps (or) dynamic pumps are a type of velocity pump in which kinetic energy is added to the fluid by increasing the flow velocity. This increase in energy is converted to a gain in potential energy (pressure) when the velocity is reduced prior to or as the flow exits the pump into the discharge pipe.
1.Centrifugal Pump
*A machine which converts mechanical energy into hydraulic energy by the action of centrifugal force is known as centrifugal pump.
*The centrifugal pump acts as a reverse of an inward radial flow reaction turbine. This means that the flow in centrifugal pumps is in the radial outward directions
*The main parts of centrifugal pump is Impeller, Casing, Suction Pipe and Delivery Pipe.
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i) Impeller: The rotating part of a centrifugal pump is called as 'Impeller'. It consists of a series of backward curved vanes. The impeller is mounted on a shaft which is connected to the shaft of an electric motor.
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ii) Casing : It is an air-tight passage surrounding to the impeller.
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iii) Suction Pipe : A pipe whose one end is connected to the inlet of the pump and other end dips into water in a sump is known as Suction Pipe.
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iv) Delivery Pipe : A pipe whose one end is connected to the outlet of the pump and other end delivers the water at a required height is known as Delivery Pipe.
POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
*A Positive Displacement Pump has an expanding cavity on the suction side and a decreasing cavity on the discharge side. Liquid flows into the pumps as the cavity on the suction side expands and the liquid flows out of the discharge as the cavity collapses. The volume is a constant given each cycle of operation.
1. Reciprocating Pumps
*If the mechanical energy is converted to hydraulic energy by sucking the liquid into a cylinder in which a piston is reciprocating, which exerts the thrust on the liquid and increases the hydraulic energy,the pump is known as Reciprocating Pump.
*The main parts are piston, piston rod, Connecting rod, crank, Suction Pipe ,Delivery Pipe, Suction Valve, Delivery Valve.
